Indian classical music has an extensive system of classification. If we discuss the music of India it is first divided into the north and south systems, called Hindustani and Karnatak systems of music. Five of the ragas are considered to have come out of the five mouths of God Shiva himself, Raga Bhairava represents Bhoomi tattva or earth element, Raga Hindol represents Akaash tattva or the sky element, Raga Dipak represents Agni tattva (fire element), Raga Shree is for Vayu tattva (air element) and Raga Megh represents the Jal tattva i.e. water element. The sixth, Raga Malkauns is born out of Devi Parvati.
Up till the beginning of the 19th century, this system of classification of raga-raginis was in use. These names are from the “Bharat Matt”, and four different “Matt” or schools of classification were in use. In Bharat Matt there were 6 ragas, 5 raginis for each raga, 8 were considered sons and for every son, there was a Ragini, considered to be a daughter-in-law. Hanumat Matt also had the same names of ragas but the number of raginis and son ragas differed. According to Shiva Matt also there were 6 ragas but the number of raginis was 6 for each and 8 were the son ragas. In Shiva Matt Raga Bhairava, Raga Shree, Raga Megha, Raga Basant, Raga Pancham, and Raga Nat Narayana were there.
Later Pandit Vishnu Bhatkhande introduced the Thaat system of classification. Now we have ten Thaats according to which Indian Classical Music is generally classified.
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